Source D

 

A (i) To discover and subdue some islands and continent in the ocean.

 

   (ii) The title of Admiral/ He would be Governor of the lands he discovered

 

   (iii) To spread Christianity, etc.

 

   (iv) Scurvy/ Lack of food 

 

   (v) Compass/Portalan Charts,

 

Source E

 

 (i) Columbus thought he had reached India and so the native people had to be Indians.

 

 (ii) Pineapples/ Turkey/ Cocoa

 

 (iii) Fell victim to new European diseases/  Forced to adopt Christian religion.

 

C (iii) The first of the two Conquistadors was Hernado Cortes. Cortes was not an explorer but a soldier who wanted to explore South America as he had heard it was ripe with gold and slaves. He landed at Vera Cruz where he destroyed his ships to show there would be no turning back. Cortes used the help of local tribes, who hated the Axtecs, to bring down their empire. The Aztecs seeing Cortes approaching believed he was a god who had come back to Earth. As he approached the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan, their emporer Montezuma came to greet him. However, he was killed by his own people as they believed he had betrayed them. The Conquistadors, along with the other tribes, ransacked the Aztec capital and completely destroyed it. It was later rebuilt as Mexico City. As well as this, the Aztecs were forced to mine gold and silver to be sent back to Spain